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Radioactive waste roads in Florida: …

The commonly used production process, which dates to the 1840s, is not very efficient.For every ton of phosphoric acid produced, more than 5 tons of phosphogypsum waste is generated.. Florida has ...

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From Grave to Cradle: Treatment, Resource …

Phosphogypsum (PG) wastes, including solid-state PG and liquid-state PG leachate, are industrial byproducts generated during the production of phosphoric acid. It is of great concern due to the large-scale product accumulation and …

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Strength characteristics of phosphogypsum stabilized soil …

Based on this, this paper utilizes phosphogypsum in a high dosage, uses cement as a curing agent, and uses the ratio of phosphogypsum to red clay P:T = 1:0.5–1:5 to make …

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TENORM: Fertilizer and Fertilizer Production …

Side view of phosphogypsum stack. Phosphate production generates huge amounts of phosphogypsum wastes, nearly 48 million MTs in 1988 alone. Industry estimates that 5.2 tons of phosphogypsum is produced …

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Dynamic Response Characteristics and Liquefaction Analysis …

Abstract Static and dynamic stability analyses are crucial components of engineering practice for ensuring the stability of phosphogypsum (PG) tailings dams. Within …

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Phosphogypsum | US EPA

Phosphogypsum is a solid waste byproduct from processing phosphate ore to make phosphoric acid that is later used in fertilizer. The phosphate ore and the resulting …

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The Impurity Removal and …

Phosphogypsum (PG), a byproduct during the phosphoric acid production process, also known as the wet process, contains complex and diverse impurities, resulting in …

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Review of the State of Impurity Occurrences and Impurity …

A variety of co-existing impurities in phosphogypsum limit its large-scale and high-value utilization. This paper summarizes the common contents of major impurity components …

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Subpart R: National Emission Standards for Radon Emissions …

Subpart R limits certain radionuclides in phosphogypsum stacks. It requires owners and operator to monitor radon emissions from inactive (completed) stacks. ... Subpart …

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Phosphogypsum: potential uses and problems – a …

PG, discharged into the sea, watercourses or in wilderness stocks, contains toxic elements harmful to ecosystems and human health, including heavy metals and radionuclides, and there is therefore...

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Production Waste Management: Qualitative and …

Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO4·2H2O) is a waste product (or by-product) from the production of phosphoric acid, the main component in the production of concentrated simple and complex fertilizers. The world …

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Evaluating radiation risks and resource opportunities …

Phosphogypsum (PG) accumulates during wet-phosphoric acid production for fertilizers. In the Philippines, PG is partly (40%) utilized to produce gypsum walls and cement. …

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Modification mechanism, heavy metal coupling and …

Few researches on high efficiency modified phosphogypsum (MPG) and its resource utilization in bulding materials. This article investigated the effects of different lower …

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Assessment of Natural Radioactivity in Phosphogypsum …

Phosphogypsum valorization presents a promising alternative for mitigating its environmental impact. Various attempts to use phosphogypsum have focused on the chemical …

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Radioactive Material From Fertilizer Production

Phosphogypsum, a waste product from manufacturing fertilizer, emits radon, a radioactive gas. It also contains the radioactive elements uranium, thorium and radium. Phosphate rock mining is the fifth largest mining industry …

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From Grave to Cradle: Treatment, Resource Recycling, and …

Phosphogypsum (PG) wastes, including solid-state PG and liquid-state PG leachate, are industrial byproducts generated during the production of phosphoric acid. It is of great concern due to …

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Phosphogypsum: potential uses and problems – …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product produced during the wet process of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) production from natural phosphate rocks. Approximately 4–6 tons of PG is produced per ton of ...

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Environmental impacts of phosphogypsum

Phosphogypsum is an acidic by-product from the phosphate fertilizer industry. Large quantities are produced world-wide and it is estimated that by the year 2000 up to 280 …

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Compressive performance of non-fired phosphogypsum …

This study investigates the possible use of phosphogypsum, a substantial byproduct of phosphate fertilizers, as a green building material. With an estimated yearly …

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Phosphogypsum Stacks: Formation, Risks, and Remediation

Phosphogypsum stacks, byproducts of phosphate fertilizer production, have garnered attention due to their environmental and health implications. These mounds are …

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Exploring the potential reuse of phosphogypsum: A waste …

Phosphogypsum (PG), the main industrial by-product of phosphate fertilizer industry, primarily consists of calcium sulfate dihydrate. However, it contains various impurities …

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Experimental study on the mechanical properties of modified

Phosphogypsum is the main industrial solid waste from wet process phosphoric acid production, which has significant potential for environmental sustainability and …

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The treatment of phosphogypsum leachate is more urgent …

The environmental hazards of its high concentration PG-L are far higher than those of chemical wastewater (Jia et al., 2021). Compared to PG, the treatment of PG leachate is …

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EPA'S OPPORTUNITY TO REVERSE THE FERTILIZER …

Agency (EPA) should swiftly move to regulate these environmental and public health hazards. This Article examines the regulatory failures that have given rise to the proliferation of …

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Potential uses of phosphogypsum: A review

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that is produced during the phosphoric acid production process. Annual global PG production ranges between 100 to …

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Rare earth elements characterization associated to the …

The annual flow of REE from the fertilizer factories to the marine environment may reach 1523.67 t. The economic losses related to the discharge of phosphogypsum REE in the …

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A systematic review of phosphogypsum recycling industry …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is the major by-product of the wet phosphoric acid industry (Li et al., 2023), which is primarily composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, along with some …

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A review on the environmental impact of phosphogypsum …

Dangerous ultra-fine compounds such as anatase and rutile (TiO 2), cadmium, lead, and nickel, were detected. This review is complemented with field measurements and …

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Phosphogypsum and the EPA Ban

Phosphogypsum and the EPA Ban. Phosphogypsum is a by-product of the chemical reaction called the "wet process," whereby sulfuric acid is reacted with phosphate rock to produce the …

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Radiation and Phosphogypsum

Radiation and Phosphogypsum • Both natural gypsum and phosphogypsum contain radioactivity, but phosphogypsum contains more. • In the manufacture of phosphoric acid, the acid is filtered through cloth to remove solids. The radium …